Syllabus Template

Generic Template for Helicopter Type Ratings

Appendix S04 to FOCA GM/INFO «Template: Training Manual (TM)»

Generic TR Source:pxhere.com, CO0

Scope	Syllabus for a helicopter type rating, published as a generic template in Word format to develop a specific type rating, based on FCL Subpart H and CS-FCD.
Who is concerned	Training organisations wishing to certify a new training programme in an ATO or to declare a new training programme in a DTO.
Valid from	01.03.2018
Purpose	The purpose of this template is to assist Approved Training Organisations (ATO) and Declared Training Organisations (DTO) in developing their training programme. It covers the major aspects of the required structure and content of a training syllabus and has been developed on the basis of the FOCA GM/INFO «Operations and Training Manual Certification Leaflet».

Document Reference	59-10
Version	Issue 1 / Revision 0
Registration No	GEVER 022.4-00113/00002/00003/00007/00009
Prepared by	SBFL M. Siegenthaler, F. Rhyn
Released by	SBFL/bid, Swiss Helicopter Association SHA
Distribution	Internal / External

Completion guidance

The information provided solely represent a possible means of how to provide the required information. An organisation must add further information or adapt the template to their specific needs.

The first two pages of this Word template are to be deleted by the organisation when adapting this template by clicking the red button below.

Text shown in blue italic indicates where the organisation needs to provide its own specific information or data.

In addition, all references to manuals, chapters and sub-chapters are shown in blue and are to be verified to ensure compliance with the ATO specific and own documentation.

Cover Page

Name of organisation

Address

Contact information

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LoR	Log of Revision

LoR	REV0 / TBD

Date	Issue	Revision (REV)	Changes
dd.mm.yyyy	1	0	Initial issue
…

LoC	List of Effective Chapters

LoC	REV0 / TBD

LoR	REV0 / TBD

LoC	REV0 / TBD

ToC	REV0 / TBD

LoA	REV0 / TBD

Part 1	REV0 / TBD

1.1	REV0 / TBD

1.2	REV0 / TBD

1.3	REV0 / TBD

Part 2	REV0 / TBD

2.1	REV0 / TBD

2.2	REV0 / TBD

2.3	REV0 / TBD

2.4	REV0 / TBD

2.5	REV0 / TBD

2.6	REV0 / TBD

2.7	REV0 / TBD

2.8	REV0 / TBD

2.9	REV0 / TBD

2.10	REV0 / TBD

2.11	REV0 / TBD

Part 3	REV0 / TBD

3.1	REV0 / TBD

3.2	REV0 / TBD

Part 4	REV0 / TBD

4.1	REV0 / TBD

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ToC	Table of Contents

ToC	REV0 / TBD

1	Student	1

1.1	Records	1

1.2	Attendance theoretical knowledge	2

1.3	Attendance flight instruction	2

2	Introduction	3

2.1	Syllabus	3

2.2	The aim of the course	3

2.3	Pre-entry requirements	3

2.3.1	Pre-solo requirements	3

2.4	Summary of minimum training hours	4

2.4.1	Initial type rating (ITR)	4

2.4.2	Additional type rating (ATR)	4

2.5	Theoretical knowledge training	4

2.6	Flight instruction	4

2.6.1	Air exercises	5

2.6.2	Flight instructor pre-requites	5

2.7	Teaching materials	5

2.8	Time scale	5

2.9	Course completion standards and skill test	5

2.10	Renewal	5

2.11	Difference level table	6

2.11.1	Training, checking and recurrent training difference requirements	6

2.11.2	Operator difference requirement (ODR) table	6

3	Theoretical knowledge training	7

3.1	Theoretical knowledge subjects and time scale	7

3.2	TASE / training methodology for pilots and instructors	9

4	Flight instruction	11

4.1	Time scale	21

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LoA	List of Abbreviations

LoA	REV0 / TBD

The following abbreviations are within this syllabus:

Abbreviation	Definition
AC	Alternating Current
AGL	Above Ground Level
ATO	Approved Training Organisation
ATR	Additional Type Rating
CFI	Chief Flight Instructor
CS	Certification Specifications
DC	Direct Current
DTO	Declared Training Organisation
EASA	European Aviation Safety Agency
FCD	Flight Crew Data
FFS	Full Flight Simulator
FCL	Flight Crew Licence
FOCA	Federal Office of Civil Aviation
FSTD	Flight Simulation Training Devices
FTD	Flight Training Device
(H)	Helicopter
H/V	Height / Velocity diagram
HIGE	Hover In Ground Effect
HT	Head of Training
HOGE	Hover Out of Ground Effect
IMC	Instrument Meteorological Conditions
ITR	Initial Type Rating
LoA	Log of Abbreviations
LoC	List of Effective Chapters
LoR	Log of Revisions
m	metre
MET	Multi Engine Turbine
min	minimum
N/A	Not Applicable
ODR	Operator Difference Requirement
OSD	Operational Suitability Data
PC	Proficiency Check
POH	Pilot Operating Handbook
REV	Revision
RFM	Rotorcraft Flight Manual
RPM	Revolution Per Minute
RRPM	Rotor Revolution Per Minute
SBFL	BAZL Abteilung Sicherheit Flugbetrieb (SB), Sektion Flugschulen und Leichtaviatik
SE	Single Engine
SEP	Single Engine Piston
SET	Single Engine Turbine
TASE	Training Areas of Special Emphasis
TM	Training Manual
ToC	Table of Content
VMC	Visual Meteorological Conditions

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Student

Part 1	REV0 / TBD

Records

1.1	REV0 / TBD

Personal data

last name:	first name:
licence number (if available):	signature:

Pre-entry requirements fulfilled

HT / CFI signature:	date:

Documents to be stored

«Chapter 1» of this syllabus	theoretical examination
logbook page with type rating endorsement	FOCA form 61.525 and attachments (if required)
HT / CFI signature:	date:

Theoretical examination

result (min 75%):	instructor signature:

Attendance theoretical knowledge

1.2	REV0 / TBD

ITR theory hours	ATR theory hours	Date	Instructor signature
Lesson 1 Classroom theory Type systems (1)	2:00	2:00
Lesson 2 Classroom theory Type systems (2)	2:00	1:30
Lesson 3 Classroom theory Limitations (*) Performance, flight planning and monitoring (*) Weight and balance Emergency procedures (*)	0:30 0:30 0:30 0:30	0:30 0:15 0:15 0:30
Lesson 4 Classroom theory Awareness training Ground operations (**)	1:00 1:00	1:00 0:30
Lesson 5 Classroom theory Optional equipment	Additional	Additional
Classroom examination Theoretical examination	1:00	1:00
Totals:	9:00	7:30

Attendance flight instruction

1.3	REV0 / TBD

ITR flight session	ATR flight session	Date	Instructor signature
1.1 Familiarisation 1	(1:15)	(1:15)
1.2 Familiarisation 2	(1:15)	(1:15)
2.1 Abnormal and emergency 1	(1:30)	(1:30)
2.2 Abnormal and emergency 2	(1:00)	(1:00)
Totals:	(5:00)	(5:00)

Introduction

Part 2	REV0 / TBD

Syllabus

2.1	REV0 / TBD

This syllabus, produced by ATO / DTO Name for the insert type type rating, conforms to the requirements of the OSD Issue X Revision Y of mm.dd.yyyy and Part FCL. The purpose of this syllabus is to provide all required information to the student and to the instructors who are involved in the training course.

The training consists of theoretical knowledge training and flight instruction by an instructor who is authorized to instruct toward a insert type type rating.

(Note: When developing a type rating syllabus, the applicable content of any mandatory [M] and recommended [AMC] parts of the OSD must be included. Mandatory parts of an OSD bear the status of an implementing rule. Recommended parts of an OSD bear the status of an AMC and therefore AltMoCs may be developed by the ATO. If Part-FCL or this template is less prescriptive than the OSD, the OSD must be used. This template was based on the Part-FCL requirements for a SEP(H) type rating, however, it may be used as a basis to develop any type rating. Delete this note.)

The aim of the course

2.2	REV0 / TBD

The training course is designed to give the student adequate theoretical knowledge, training in ground handling and flying techniques based on established teaching methods.

The aim of the training course is to become proficient in single-engine piston operation in order to operate safely and proficiently the insert type under normal, abnormal and emergency operations. Therefore, this training course gives the student:

a thorough knowledge of the aircraft systems, power plant, avionics and their associated limitations;

a knowledge of the positioning and operation of the flight deck controls and indicators for the aircraft and its systems;

an understanding of system malfunctions, their effect on aircraft operations and interaction with other systems;

an understanding of normal, abnormal and emergency procedures stated in the rotorcraft flight manual; and

an understanding of performance and mass and balance charts.

During the training course the student is made aware of hazardous attitudes and their effect on flight safety. Safety awareness and risk management are a fundamental part of the course.

Pre-entry requirements

2.3	REV0 / TBD

Initial type rating (ITR): If the student does not hold a pilot’s licence, this type rating syllabus should be used together with the applicable syllabus for the issue of the licence.

Additional type rating (ATR): The student must hold or have held a SEP(H) / SET(H) / MET(H) type rating.

Pre-solo requirements

If required according to OSD.

Summary of minimum training hours

2.4	REV0 / TBD

Initial type rating (ITR)

The training course includes:

9 hours of theoretical knowledge training; and

flight instruction:

in helicopter: 5 hours; or

using FFS level C / D: 2 hours in helicopter and 6 total; or

using FTD level 2 / 3: 4 hours in helicopter and 6 total.

The skill test is additional to the training course time.

Additional type rating (ATR)

The training course includes:

7:30 hours of theoretical knowledge training; and

flight instruction:

in helicopter: 5 hours; or

using FFS level C / D: 2 hours in helicopter and 6 total; or

using FTD level 2 / 3: 2 hours in helicopter and 7 total.

The skill test is additional to the training course time.

IR(H) extension

To extend IR(H) privileges to insert type, the training course includes an additional 2 hours of flight training on insert type by sole reference to instruments according to IFR which may be conducted in an FFS C/D or FTD 2/3.

(Note: This syllabus does not include the session plans for the IR(H) extension. The ATO must add session plans as required. Delete this note.)

Theoretical knowledge training

2.5	REV0 / TBD

The theoretical knowledge training consists of all instruction given for the purpose of the training course and includes classroom lessons and instructor briefings.

Additional theoretical knowledge necessary for the specific air exercise are covered by the instructor during the instructor’s briefing.

Flight instruction

2.6	REV0 / TBD

The numbering of air exercises has to be used primarily as an exercise reference list and as a broad instructional sequencing guide: therefore the demonstrations and practices do not necessarily need to be given in the order listed. The actual order and content will depend upon the following interrelated factors:

the student progress and ability;

the weather conditions affecting the flight;

the available flight time;

instructional technique considerations; and

the local operating environment.

Air exercises

Air exercises are not independent, therefore sessions can be combined; times reported on the air exercise table are indicative only. Each of the exercises involves the need for the applicant to be aware of good airmanship and look-out, which should be emphasised at all times.

Flight instructor pre-requites

If required according to OSD.

Teaching materials

2.7	REV0 / TBD

The following list represents the reference material that covers the subject details shown in the main body of the syllabus:

RFM Rotorcraft flight manual / POH Pilot’s operating handbook (Manufacturer)

OSD Flight crew data insert type, Issue X Revision Y of mm.dd.yyyy (Manufacturer / EASA)

…

Time scale

2.8	REV0 / TBD

The applicant shall pass the skill test within a period of 6 months after commencement of the insert type type rating training course and within a period of 6 months preceding the application for the issue of the insert type type rating.

The co-ordination of ground and flight training is a necessary and important part of any pilot course. Particular care should be given in ensuring that flying training sessions are appropriate to the student’s level of theoretical knowledge.

Course completion standards and skill test

2.9	REV0 / TBD

Upon completion of the training course, the student has the experience, the competence in flying and the knowledge for the initial issue of a insert type type rating and is aware of the privileges of the rating and of the responsibilities and duties as pilot-in-command. The written examination consists of multiple-choice questions, performance and mass and balance calculations. The pass mark for the examination is 75%.

The applicant for a insert type type rating shall demonstrate to an examiner the ability to handle the helicopter safely and confidently under normal, abnormal and emergency operations, including pre-flight and post-flight.

Renewal

2.10	REV0 / TBD

Refer to FCL.740.

Difference level table

2.11	REV0 / TBD

Difference levels are summarised in the table below regarding training, checking, and currency:

Difference level	Training	Checking	Currency / recurrent training
A	Self-instruction	Not applicable (or integrated with next PC)	Not applicable
B	Aided instruction	Task or system check	Self-review
C	System devices	Partial check using device	Designated system
D	Manoeuvre device	Partial PC using device	Designated manoeuvre(s)
E	Simulator C / D or Aircraft	Full PC using simulator C / D or aircraft	As per regulations (take-off and landing in simulator C / D or the aircraft)

For additional information refer to EASA CS-FCD.

Training, checking and recurrent training difference requirements

According OSD.

Operator difference requirement (ODR) table

According OSD.

Theoretical knowledge training

Part 3	REV0 / TBD

Theoretical knowledge subjects and time scale

3.1	REV0 / TBD

(Note: This table, derived from AMC1 FCL.725(a), applies to helicopters without OSD and should be amended as required. If an OSD exists, the TKI contents and time constraints are given by the manufacturer. Delete this note.)	ITR theory hours	ATR theory hours
Insert type systems	4:00	3:30
Helicopter general Dimensions Helicopter structure and equipment	0:30	0:30
Power plant Type of engine General function of the following systems or components: engine oil system fuel system ignition system starting system generators and generator drive power indication Engine controls (including starter), engine instruments and indications in the cockpit, their function, interrelation and interpretation Engine operation, during engine start, start and engine malfunctions, procedures for normal operation in the correct sequence Transmission system Type of rotor system	0:45	0:45
Fuel system Location of the fuel tanks, fuel pumps, fuel lines to the engines, tank capacities, valves and measuring Location of the following systems: filtering fuelling venting In the cockpit: monitors and indicators of the fuel system quantity and flow indication interpretation Fuel procedures distribution into the various tanks and fuel supply	0:30	0:30
Skids fixed and floats Main components	0:15	0:15
Flight controls Cyclic Collective Throttle and governor Pedals	0:45	0:30
Electrical power supply Number, power, voltage, frequency and location of the main power system (AC or DC) Location of the controls, monitors and indicators in the cockpit; Flight instruments, communication and navigation systems, main and back-up power sources Location of vital circuit breakers Generator operation and monitoring procedures of the electrical power supply	0:45	0:30
Instrumentation, communication and navigation equipment Visible antennas Controls and instruments of the following equipment in the cockpit during normal operation: flight instruments communication and navigation systems warning systems	0:15	0:15
Emergency equipment Operation and correct application of the mobile emergency equipment in the helicopter: portable fire extinguisher first-aid kits portable oxygen equipment life-jacket emergency transmitters	0:15	0:15

Limitations	1:00	1:00
According RFM / POH	0:40	0:40
Minimum equipment list Structure and philosophy Application	0:20	0:20
Performance, flight planning and monitoring	1:00	0:30
According RFM / POH	1:00	0:30
Weight and balance	0:30	0:30
According RFM / POH	0:30	0:30
Emergency procedures	0:30	0:30
According RFM / POH	0:30	0:30
Ground operations	1:00	0:30
Pilot pre-flight walk around	0:15	0:05
Ground handling	0:15	0:10
Equipment installation / removal	0:15	0:05
Servicing on the ground Servicing connections for: fuel oil Safety regulations for servicing	0:15	0:10
Optional equipment	Additional	Additional
Insert content as required
...
Theoretical examination	1:00	1:00
Theoretical examination session	1:00	1:00
Totals:	9:00	7:30

TASE / training methodology for pilots and instructors

3.2	REV0 / TBD

According OSD.

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Flight instruction

Part 4	REV0 / TBD

List of air exercise sections:

1	Familiarisation

2	Abnormal and emergency

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1.1	Familiarisation 1

Instructor briefing	ITR flight session	ATR flight session	Instructor debriefing	Equipment
0:30	1:15	1:15	0:15	Insert type

Program

Hover taxi exercises

Hover exercises

Normal circuits

Spot turns

Basic air work (level flight, climbs, descents and turns)

Exercise content

Introduction to the helicopter and explanation of the cockpit layout and engine systems

Checklists, drills, controls

Escape drills: location and use of emergency equipment and exits

External and internal features

All systems: normal operation and general handling

Limitations

Helicopter exterior visual inspection (walk around)

Cockpit inspection

Ground operations

Starting procedures

Pre take-off procedures

Lift-off: avoid of dynamic rollover

Hover and hover taxi (air taxi)

Visual attitude for descent, climb and level flight, including effect of power and air speed

Take-off to a hover and landing from hover

Quick stop

Pre landing procedures

Ground safety procedures

Theoretical basis

POH chapters: …

…

Targets

Good knowledge of cockpit layout

Appropriate control inputs during maneuvers

The student is comfortably installed and has a good feeling with the helicopter

The student is familiar with the normal procedures

Personal:

Targets

Achieved	Partially achieved	Not achieved

Good points

Points to improve

Targets for the next session

Open items

1.2	Familiarisation 2

Instructor briefing	ITR flight session	ATR flight session	Instructor debriefing	Equipment
0:30	1:15	1:15	0:15	Insert type

Program

Take-off: various profiles

Landing: various profiles, including go-around

Demonstration of incipient stage of vortex ring, recognition and recovery (from a safe altitude)

Exercise content

Performance, flight planning and monitoring

Weight and balance

Height-velocity (H/V) diagram

Abandoned take-off

Normal and crosswind take-off

Normal and crosswind landing

Maximum performance take-off

Steep approach

Sloping ground take-off and landing

Go-around

Operation at maximum take-off mass

Incipient stage of vortex ring, recognition and recovery (various entry situations)

Sideways and backwards manoeuvring (including combination)

Theoretical basis

POH chapters: …

…

Targets

Recognition and correct recovery procedure of vortex ring

Safe take-offs and landings

The student is comfortable with normal procedures under more challenging conditions

Personal:

Targets

Achieved	Partially achieved	Not achieved

Good points

Points to improve

Targets for the next session

Open items

2.1	Abnormal and emergency 1

Instructor briefing	ITR flight session	ATR flight session	Instructor debriefing	Equipment
0:30	1:30	1:30	0:15	Insert type

Program

Basic and advanced autorotations

Steep turns with various speeds and bank angles

Exercise content

Possible causes leading to emergency or precautionary landing

Control inputs during autorotation out of hover flight

Safety checks, verbal warning and look-out before autorotation exercise

Engine failure handling: control of air speed and RRPM, rotor and engine limitation

Autorotation entry, development and characteristics

Power recovery procedures

Low RPM recognition and recovery

Ditching

Steep (level) turns (30° bank)

Maximum rate turns (45° bank)

Theoretical basis

POH chapters: …

…

Targets

Appropriate control inputs and correct energy management during autorotation

Steep turns within tolerances

The student is familiar with the abnormal and emergency procedures

The student is applying normal procedures with confidence

Personal:

Targets

Achieved	Partially achieved	Not achieved

Good points

Points to improve

Targets for the next session

Open items

2.2	Abnormal and emergency 2

Instructor briefing	ITR flight session	ATR flight session	Instructor debriefing	Equipment
0:30	1:00	1:00	0:15	Insert type

Program

Simulated emergencies according to instructor

Simulated instrument flight

Exercise content

Abnormal and emergency procedures

Tail rotor control or tail rotor drive failure (briefing only)

Governor failure

Basic instrument flight: flying with attitude indicator (basic maneuvers)

Use of carburettor heat

Actions after landing, helicopter security

Airmanship and decision making

Administration before skill test according «Examiner guide EASA Part FCL»

Theoretical basis

POH chapters: …

…

Targets

Correct application of emergency and abnormal procedures / checklists

The student is applying the knowledge gained from the RFM

Ready for type rating skill test

Personal:

Note: the training must be performed in VMC conditions; to simulate IMC conditions the student shall wear «foggles».

Targets

Achieved	Partially achieved	Not achieved

Good points

Points to improve

Targets for the next session

Open items

Time scale

4.1	REV0 / TBD

The table on the following page shows the breakdown of hours for flight instruction of the insert type type rating training course.

No	Air exercise	Instructor briefing	ITR flight session	ATR flight session	Instructor debriefing
1.1	Familiarisation 1	0:30	1:15	1:15	0:15
1.2	Familiarisation 2	0:30	1:15	1:15	0:15
2.1	Abnormal and emergency 1	0:30	1:30	1:30	0:15
2.2	Abnormal and emergency 2	0:30	1:00	1:00	0:15
Totals:	2:00	5:00	5:00	1:00

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